Word: electronic
(lookup in dictionary)
(lookup stats)
Dates: during 1960-1969
Sort By: most recent first
(reverse)
Just beyond the spark chamber, shielded by many feet of concrete and steel, curves the half-mile ring of Brookhaven's 30-bev (30 billion electron volts) synchrotron, world's largest atom smasher. If the physicists' calculations are correct, when the synchrotron goes into operation one of its products will be a vast number of neutrinos, snippets of energy powerful enough to penetrate the shielding and slip into the chamber, where they may be spotted by means of spark trails. Scientists expect to decipher the trails and learn some of the deepest secrets of the universe...
...answer an obvious question about these figures, note that they do not include the annual operating budgets for Widener and Houghton Libraries ($2,100,000); but they exclude also the Cambridge Electron Accelerator ($2,600,000), the Observatory ($1,200,000), Museum of Comparative Zoology and Peabody ($870,000), the various social science centers and, in fact, all other institutions that do not show up on Departmental budgets. If these expenses are taken into consideration, the share of Federal funds available to the humanistic scholar gets even smaller. Moreover, the total departmental funds available to the average scientists and social...
Stanley thus gave a crystal-clear answer to the question: What is TMV? Electron micrographs showed thin rod-shaped crystals, little more than a hundred-thousandth of an inch long. This answer raised an intriguing new question. Is a virus animate or inanimate, living or dead, animal or mineral? Dr. Stanley's way out of the dilemma is to broaden the definition of "living'' to include any particles that are capable of reproducing or replicating themselves. That covers viruses...
...Tulip." Thanks largely to chemists like Stanley (who now runs the University of California's Virus Laboratory) and the electron microscopists, a virus can now be defined as an infectious particle that has no metabolism of its own and reproduces itself only by taking over the metabolic processes of the living cell it invades. Viruses are the ultimate parasites. They parasitize everything in nature from bacteria and flowering plants up through invertebrates such as mosquitoes, and the vertebrates from fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals...
...Closer Look. Thus viruses got defined and classified. But just how the virus core gets into a cell remained a mystery, even after Dr. Robley C. Williams, a member of Stanley's California team, devised the method of plating the particles with gold or uranium to get clearer electron micrographs. Then, two years ago at Cambridge University's Cavendish Laboratory, Drs. Sydney Brenner and Robert W. Home made an illuminating refinement on electron micrography, revealing far more intimate details of virus structures and differences, and clues to how viruses work...