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Gordon W. Allport '19, professor of Psychology; M. Stanley Livingston, director of the Cambridge Electron Accelerator; David Riesman '31, Henry Ford II Professor of Social Sciences; Kirtley F. Mather, professor of Geology, Emeritus; and Pitirim A. Sorokin, professor of Sociology, Emeritus, are among 57 individuals whose names are printed at the bottom of the petition...
According to M. Stanley Livingston, Director of the Harvard-M.I.T. joint Cambridge Electron Accelerator, the magnificent scientific achievements of the past International Geophysical Year have failed miserably in the field of international public relations. The key lesson of the world-wide experiment--that in science as in politics, trade or health, cooperation is far better than competition--went largely unnoticed in the face of the propagandistic race for satellites...
This led to the development of an extremely important modern instrument: the Cherenkov counter. It is made of some transparent substance such as Lucite. When a proton, electron or other charged particle enters it at a speed that is greater than the speed of light in the material, Cherenkov radiation is given off. Its angle (like the angle of a ship's bow wave) depends on the speed of the particle. When the angle is measured by a photomultiplier tube, the speed of the particles can be determined...
Associated Universities, the group which developed the Brookhaven Electron Accelerator, is sponsoring the project, which was financed by the National Science Foundation. The Foundation's grant was "one of the largest they have ever given," according to Menzel...
...chief difference between the cyclotron and the Electron Accelerator, according to Preston, aside from the obvious fact that the former works with protons and the latter with electrons, is one of method. In the cyclotron the protons are subjected to a constant magnetic field and spiral out in ever-increasing orbits; in the election accelerator, on the other hand, the orbit is constant and the magnetic field is increased in order to keep the electrons in a stable path. The cyclotron, Preston says, unlike the C.E.A., can properly be called an "accelerator," for the velocity...