Word: electronically
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Rudenberg is the inventor of the electron microscope and has been awarded the Swedish gold Cedergren Medal and Scroll for "highly meritorious work in the field of electrical engineering...
...Williams pointed out that study of mitochondria has provided the bio-chemist with his first tangible evidence of the organization of enzyme systems within the cytoplasm of living cells. This work is facilitated by the use of the electron microscope...
...outer shell of its atom, germanium has four electrons. If the crystal were absolutely pure germanium, each of these electrons would be bound by a neighboring atom. But if an occasional atom of an impurity such as phosphorus, which has five outer electrons, is built into the crystal, one of its electrons is not bound, and so is free to move around. If the impurity is an element with only three outer electrons, there is a "hole" into which electrons from germanium can move under certain conditions. Every time an electron moves into one hole, a new hole is left...
Points & Junctions. Some transistors (the "point contact" type) use only one kind of germanium with fine metal points pressing upon it. "Junction transistors" use both the germanium that has free electrons and germanium that has "holes." Both transistors act like electron tubes; they can turn alternating into direct current, amplify faint currents, generate musical tones, serve as relays; they even perform brilliantly as photoelectric cells, turning light into electricity...
...these chores are performed by the transistor with startling economy of materials and power. There is no glass envelope, as in an electron tube, and no complicated insides. The current price of germanium is more than $100 a lb., but so little is used that its cost is negligible...