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Experimental physicists have found that the electron has an intrinsic mass or "weight" of about .0000000000000000000000000009 gram. This quantity is usually represented by the convenient symbol m. Both experimental and mathematical physicists have regarded m as a major constant of nature, a foundation stone of the universe...
...Hultgren has also developed an electron bombardment furnace in which small samples of metallic alloys are heated by the impact of electrons at high velocity. This electron bombardment furnace is capable of heating several grams of metal to a temperature of 3000 degrees Centigrade, and its limiting high temperature is set by the lack of suitable high melting crucibles to contain the sample under study rather than by any inherent limitation in the apparatus itself. This furnace makes possible the experimental investigation of many alloys which were formerly very difficult to melt under the controlled conditions necessary for scientific research...
These were said to be the deepest authentic cosmic ray recordings ever made. Mr. Wilson, believing that ordinary electrons or protons could not penetrate 1,600 feet of solid rock, came to the conclusion that the rays must be either neutrinos or X-particles, both relative unknowns. For although atomic physicists speak of neutrinos (small, uncharged particles with a mass less than that of an electron) as familiarly as a carpenter does of a tenpenny nail, they have never come to light experimentally. "X-particles," although they have turned up experimentally (TIME, Nov. 29), have yet to be explained...
Nuclear Capture. The atom consists of a tough, massive nucleus with one or more electrons spinning around it. For long years physicists assumed that an outside electron never fell into its own nucleus. At Ohio State University, Dr. Marion Llewellyn Pool bombarded silver with various projectiles, made it artificially radioactive. Thirty-five times more gamma rays than electrons spurted out of the radioactive silver. The only way Dr. Pool could explain this abnormally high ratio was by assuming that the nucleus had captured one of its own outside electrons...
...pictures Dr. Street obtained two tracks which seemed significant. One was ruled out, however, as a proton. The other was obviously not a proton, yet its track was about six times as heavy as could be expected from an electron. It was clearly ticketed as an X-par-ticle. Counting the fog droplets as carefully as he could and taking into consideration the track's curvature as bent by a magnetic field, Dr. Street figured its mass at 130 times the mass of the electron-with a probable error of 25% either...