Word: electronized
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...lens focuses the scene being viewed on the front side of the photoconductor. A slender beam of electrons from an "electron gun" scans the rear side of the photo-conductor. When the electrons hit a brightly lighted area, a lot of them pass through. When they hit dark parts, only a few of them pass through. The transparent conducting layer collects the escaping electrons and passes them on in the form of a "video" current whose rapid fluctuations represent the light and shade of the picture. An ordinary television set turns the current into a copy of the scene which...
Kerst is also the betatron's christener. At first he thought of calling it the "Ausserordentlichhochges chwindigkeit-electronenentwickelndesschwerab eitsbei-gollitron," German for "extraordinarily high-speed electron generator, hard work by golly-tron." He settled for "Betatron," from beta particle (high-speed electron...
Medieval man knew of only four elements-earth, air, fire and water. By 1940, scientists knew of 92 elements-ranging from lightweight hydrogen, whose atom has only one electron, to heavy uranium, with 92 electrons. Many chemists thought that their long search for elements was ended, and then the University of California's powerful cyclotron got busy...
...laymen "h" (Planck's constant) is a tiny number (.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 006 6 . . .), but it shook the scientific world. The little quanta of energy are the building stones of the universe, far more fundamental than big, clumsy atoms or even protons or electrons. Out of their discovery grew Einstein's relativity, including his historic proof, not then considered fraught with danger to civilization, that matter is equivalent to energy. Out of it grew Niels Bohr's description of the atom as a sort of sun surrounded by electron planets which jump...