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...radiation seven times stronger than at the earth's surface. Thus the rays were seen to be coming in from the cosmos beyond Earth's blanket of air. Calculation revealed them as more penetrating than the gamma rays which emerge from radium at 3,000,000 electron-volts. Stopped by the War, the cosmic ray hunt started with fresh impetus after Peace. In the U. S., brilliant, imaginative Robert Andrews Millikan of California Institute of Technology, who had won the Nobel Prize for isolating and measuring the electron, sank his recorders under 280 ft. of water in California...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Science: Cosmic Clearance | 1/13/1936 | See Source »

...more drops in front than in back. This small daily variation in the cosmic rays has actually been observed, so Dr. Compton agrees they must come from the remotest depths of space. What is their scientific importance? 1) A cosmic ray impact led to the discovery of the positive electron, a fundamental particle of matter. 2) The geographic distribution of the rays facilitates study of Earth's magnetic field. 3) For laboratory work cosmic rays provide atomic bullets thousands of times more powerful than any produced by man. 4) Their behavior at high voltages has already indicated a deficiency...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Science: Cosmic Clearance | 1/13/1936 | See Source »

When a physicist has determined the electric charge of one electron, he has determined the charge of all electrons. If the minds of men were like electrons, the tasks of psychologists would be easier. As it is, psychologists rarely bother with the vagaries of a single individual but test, question, examine hundreds-thousands if possible. Some conclusions distilled from such surveys and presented at last week's gathering of 500 psychologists in Ann Arbor, Mich...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Science: Distillations | 9/16/1935 | See Source »

...recourse to modern laboratory experiments which show radiation transformed back into matter. Every physicist under 35, he declared, would agree with him that such demonstrations are valid. What apparently happens is that the quantum of radiation, scoring a hit on an atomic nucleus, vanishes and gives birth to an electron and a positron-i.e., particles of matter. The quantum of radiation is "mathematically irritated" by the atomic nucleus into giving up its existence. Here Dr. Swann ran into the difficulty that in his sea of radiation there would be no atomic nuclei to provide irritation. He wiggled...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Science: Philosophers in Philadelphia | 4/29/1935 | See Source »

...rarer, the shorthand economic diatribes more frequent. Hopeful speculators who try to plot the curve of Poet Pound's current issue will be sadly shaken as it zooms from the 18th Century to the 20th, bumps down to the 15th, changes its orbit as unpredictably as a wayward electron. Speculators may not get far with Poet Pound, but steady observers will note a contemptuously indignant attitude toward civilization in general, bigwigs in particular, will note also a powerfully satiric effect...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Books: Pound Still Soaring | 10/22/1934 | See Source »

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