Word: embargo
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Until a few years ago, West German planners considered coal only a secondary fuel resource. Then came the Arab oil embargo in 1973 and, more recently, a growing concern about the safety of nuclear power. As a result, West Germany, like the U.S., has turned increasingly to coal as its ace in the hole. The nation now relies on brown coal for 30% of its electrical power and 25% of its home heating needs. Rheinbraun alone has already dug seven open-pit mines, including the world's largest: the Fortuna-Garsdorf pit, which measures roughly 1.2 miles across...
...dollars' worth of the most sophisticated weaponry and aircraft in the U.S. arsenal began pouring into Iran. America's decision to depend on the Shah as its surrogate policeman in the Persian Gulf was perceived as even more crucial in the aftermath of the 1973 Arab oil embargo, when Iran disregarded the boycott and continued to sell vital petroleum to the West. In retrospect, one top U.S. policymaker of that period reflects: "We let the arms sales get out of control, and we failed to press the Shah to establish the roots of democratic institutions...
...time had more than 20 U.S. military bases on its soil. Then came the invasion of Cyprus, the U.S. arms embargo (revoked last September), and Turkey's present view that it can no longer rely on a "single source" (i.e. the U.S.) for its arms...
There is a general feeling of revival in Western Europe, even though forecast growth rates remain well below those seen before the oil embargo. In West Germany it is spurred by Europe's strongest economy; in France by a determined shift away from government regulation toward private enterprise; in Italy by a still troubled but convalescing economy...
...been worsened by the left-right division of Turkish politics. In order to maintain his parliamentary majority, Ecevit has had to deal cautiously with extremist sentiment while carrying out a left-of-center program. Although the Premier was successful in ending the 3½-year-long U.S. arms embargo against Turkey, lifted last August, he also made some friendly overtures to the U.S.S.R. The gestures toward the Soviets have exacerbated feelings among extremist Ecevit opponents. One slogan shouted by Sunnis last week: COMMUNISTS TO MOSCOW...