Word: embryos
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Environmental. There are unfavorable factors in the embryo's uterine surroundings-some nutritional deficiency in the mother, drugs in her bloodstream crossing the placental barrier, or viruses infecting both mother and fetus...
...conference provided fresh evidence of a radical shift in medical emphasis from treatment of adult ills to the health of the child, the infant and even the embryo. But medical researchers do not intend to stop even there. They are also considering the health of the mother at the time of conception, the health of both parents before conception, and even the health of the mother's mother at the time she conceived...
...present, the international assembly offered more hope for prevention and improved treatment than cure of birth defects. One preventive technique is amniocentesis-inserting a needle through the pregnant woman's abdomen, into the amniotic sac, and withdrawing fluid for analysis of the cells shed by the embryo. For the apparently normal woman this would never be recommended. But it is a boon for the woman with a history of pregnancy mishaps, or one whose family is known to harbor inheritable defects. At Children's Memorial Hospital in Chicago, Dr. Henry L. Nadler reported, his department has "managed...
Risks of Age. More and more defects, especially those resulting from lack of an enzyme, are now being detected. In most cases, the only "remedy" is abortion. But sometimes it may be possible to contain an enzyme deficiency by altering the mother's diet. If the embryo is developing unnaturally because of faulty nutrition, it even may be possible to inject nutrients into the amniotic fluid, which the fetus absorbs...
...also interferes with the reproductive cycle. Adult fish, for example, are able to tolerate relatively high levels of DDT. The fish embryo, on the other hand, dies almost immediately when it begins to absorb the pesticide through the fatty yolk sac. In birds, DDT kills off the young by interfering with the female's egg-laying process. Though the exact chemistry is still obscure, the pesticide apparently sends the mother bird's liver into a frenzy of enzyme production. The excess enzymes break down such steroids as estrogen that are essential to the manufacture of calcium. Lacking adequate...