Word: embryos
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...months old and thriving, the geep was produced by the latest tricks of embryo manipulation. Scientists at the Institute of Animal Physiology in Cambridge, England, mingled new embryos from both sheep and goats when each consisted of no more than four to eight cells. Ultimately, these were placed in the wombs of surrogate sheep or goat mothers and allowed to grow to term. Such hybrids are called chimeras (after the mythic monster with a lion's head, goat's body and serpent's tail...
Doctors were trying to help her become pregnant by using a fertilization method introduced in 1978. The so-called test-tube-baby technique bypasses the sealed passages by mating the wife's egg with the husband's sperm in a glass Petri dish. The resulting embryo is implanted in the woman's womb...
...method used by Dr. John Buster and his team at Harbor/U.C.L.A. Medical Center in Torrance, a woman with healthy ovaries was artificially inseminated with sperm from the husband of an infertile woman. Five days after fertilization, the donor's uterus was flushed with a nutrient solution and the embryo was recovered and implanted in the infertile woman's uterus...
...pregnancy. To perform it, the obstetrician inserts a long thin tube through the vagina into the uterus. A second doctor, following the procedure on an ultrasound monitor, helps the obstetrician position the catheter between the lining of the uterus and the chorion, a layer of tissue that surrounds the embryo during the first two months and later develops into the placenta. The goal is to suction up a sample of the chorionic villi, finger-like projections of tissue that transfer oxygen, nutrients and waste between mother and embryo. "It's like vacuuming a shag rug; you get about half...
Eight days later, University of Pennsylvania Veterinarian James Evans, who earlier this year had supervised another miracle of animal husbandry-the birth of the first "test-tube" domestic cow-flushed five embryos from the gaur's womb. Four of these were transferred into four Holstein cows, selected in part because their calves are larger than gaur calves. Though the reproductive cycles of all five animals had been synchronized with drugs, one cow did not accept the embryo. Another aborted after five months. The third delivered a dead fetus at 9½ months. But two weeks later, Flossie produced...