Word: embryos
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Jazz, an endangered African wildcat, last week became the first mammal to be born from a frozen embryo implanted in a house cat. But she's not the first rare animal to use a common species' womb. A bongo antelope was born to an eland in 1984 at the Cincinnati Zoo, and two Holsteins, one in Cincinnati and one at the Bronx Zoo, have given birth to gaur, a rare species of wild cattle...
With tons of soft tissue on ice, geneticists have no shortage of mammoth DNA to play out their fantasy: tweeze a bit of it out, insert it into the ovum of an elephant--a close living cousin--and implant the embryo in the elephant's womb. Before long, a woolly bundle should appear...
STOKING THE STORK Just as the first test-tube baby comes of age--Louise Brown turned 21 in July--there's a major advance in in-vitro fertilization. Waiting four days instead of three before transferring an embryo from the lab dish to the mother's womb can increase the odds of the implantation's success. The new technique is called blastocyst transfer...
...identity of their biological parents. An Oregon judge just upheld a law that gives adoptees age 21 and older the right to obtain birth certificates listing their birth parents. In Illinois, the Governor is expected to sign a bill stipulating that when a surrogate mother carries another couple's embryo, the birth certificate will not list the surrogate but only the biological parents whose sperm and egg formed the embryo...
While the age of the donor is probably partly responsible, the research team--which included Ian Wilmut, Dolly's creator--may have discovered another factor. The more time a clone embryo spent in a test tube before transfer to a womb, the shorter the clone's telomeres. "In culture, cells go through 20 divisions," says research director Alan Colman. "That's a significant percentage of the 150 they go through in a lifetime...