Word: emperor
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...that, he launched Jimmy Doolittle's Army B-25s from Hornet against Tokyo. "We get away with it because we violate the traditional rules," he grinned, and the Navy loved him for his craggy jaw and bushy eyebrow's, his baseball cap, his salty determination to ride Emperor Hirohito's white horse through Tokyo...
Spartan Standards. The guardsmen's lot has never been an easy one. First formed in 1505 by Pope Julius II. who gave Switzerland the honor of supplying 200 mercenaries as his personal bodyguard, the corps was almost wiped out 22 years later when Holy Roman Emperor Charles V sacked Rome. In a short, vicious fight, 147 Swiss were killed, successfully defending Clement VII. The guard has not fought another major battle, but ever since has set itself such Spartan, fiercely loyal standards that even a U.S. Marine drill instructor might blink...
Cotton Cloth. The tunic tradition goes back to Flavia Helena, wife of Roman Emperor Constantius Chlorus (he is said to have picked her up in a Balkan tavern during one of his campaigns) and mother of Constantine the Great. Converted to Christianity about 312, Helena later journeyed to the Holy Land, went to Calvary, and (wrote St. Ambrose 70 years later) "had excavations made, the debris cleared away and unearthed three crucifixion trees huddled together and covered with mud . . . She also set out to look for the nails which had pinned the Lord to the Cross and found them." Chronicler...
Little was heard of the tunic for centuries, but in 1196 a seamless piece of cloth was discovered inside the altar of the Trier Cathedral's west choir; it was walled up again until Easter 1512, when German Emperor Maximilian demanded that it be shown. What he saw was a simple, loose silk shirt about five feet long. But on closer look, a woven cotton cloth, believed to be the tunic itself, was found enfolded between layers of silk...
...great port in Carthaginian times. Later it was allied to Rome, but the city fathers made the mistake of siding with Pompey against Julius Caesar. For this the city was fined 300,000 measures of oil annually. Later still it became the home town of a Roman emperor, Septimius Severus, who made it one of the grandest and wealthiest cities of the empire. Nubian slaves, lions for the Roman arenas, ivory and African gold flowed through Leptis Magna into the civilized world, until the harbor silted up. Marauding Vandals sacked the city. Then, in A.D. 523 Berber raiders depopulated...