Word: endosperm
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Whole grains contain all three parts of the kernel: the bran, which is packed with fiber and B vitamins; the carbohydrate-rich core, or endosperm; and the germ, which is also full of B vitamins as well as other micronutrients. Finely milling the grains produces a flour that lacks the bran and the germ, leaving only the endosperm behind. Manufacturers enrich their refined products with some of the missing vitamins, but researchers suspect that it's the combination of everything--the fiber, the vitamins, the minerals and, no doubt, other as yet undiscovered nutritional ingredients--that makes whole grains healthy...
Sure, if you are a popcorn nut, you know that some types of corn are great poppers and others aren't. But do you know why? Have you assessed the thermal diffusivity of the pericarp, the kernel's tough outer layer? Have you analyzed the starch content of the endosperm, the inner, meaty layer? Have you compared the ratios of expanded to original volumes of various kernels? If so, you would know that the pericarp in popcorn has more densely packed fiber than that of ordinary corn. You'd know that starch content is less important. You needn't bother...
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