Word: england
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...week ended, Rushdie was under police guard somewhere in England, doubtless reflecting on the magical if sinister power that his words had acquired and getting acquainted with yet another place of refuge. It was a situation that he must have understood very well. As he wrote in his first novel, Grimus, more than a decade ago, "It is the natural condition of the exile, putting down roots in memory...
...drawings at Lascaux or on the first drumbeat. But photography has a birthdate of sorts, 1839, the year it was ushered loudly into the world in a clamor of patents and the claims of two separate inventors, Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre in France and William Henry Fox Talbot in England. For that reason 1989 is being marked as a sesquicentennial -- 150 years in which photographers have remade the world in their own images...
...early 1840s, the world's first portrait studios had sprung up in New York City and Philadelphia, churning out likenesses of glassy-eyed sitters who looked as though they had been whacked with a board. But it was in England and France that photography took on the character of an art in the work of men like the Parisian caricaturist Nadar, who brought a warm-blooded gravity to camera portraiture...
...practitioners had to scramble for a way to distinguish themselves from the mobs of snapshooters. Their response was pictorialism, an international style of soft focus, poetic yearnings and darkroom tricks that were beyond the abilities of the untrained. During the pictorialist phase of their careers, Alvin Langdon Coburn in England and Edward Steichen in the U.S. turned away from mere realism toward a metaphysical art, one of broad hazy forms that hinted at an elusive realm of ideas and spirit...
Fear of disappointing himself or others remains a durable chain to his childhood. His conservative, demanding father Morton followed his own sire into the New England textile industry. Morton expected the oldest of his four children to do the same. Jeff Forbes, Darman's Harvard roommate, recalls the genetic imprint: "Dick's father was extremely disciplined, with a view that life was very real and very earnest. Dick took that from...