Word: englishness
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Soviet psychiatry began to take shape in the 1920s and drew especially on the work of physiologist Ivan Pavlov (whose experiments on conditioning, particularly with dogs, gave the term Pavlovian response to the English language). His followers largely rejected the work of Sigmund Freud and other Western theorists and looked for physical rather than psychological causes of mental problems. That emphasis led Soviet psychiatrists to rely on drug treatment, work therapy and re-education rather than psychotherapy...
HAVE YOU GOT A WORD MEANING LEVERAGED BUYOUT? Drawing up a contract that is precisely equivalent in two languages, English and Russian, can be a mind- bending exercise. One problem: there are no words in the Russian language for many Western business terms. Michael Bonsignore, president of Honeywell International, took special care in preparing contracts for the equipment that his company is providing for four Soviet fertilizer plants. Says he: "We translated our English documents into Russian, then had someone else translate them back into English to make sure that we were really saying to them exactly what we wanted...
...must spend the night huddled in drafty railway stations. Elsewhere, gaudy hookers and teenage toughs prowl pedestrian tunnels, and beggars -- old women, mostly -- hold out quavering hands for kopecks. Black marketeers hustle even in Red Square, and on a green fence near city hall someone has neatly painted, in English, SEX! and ROCK...
...correspondent persists, "aren't you thinking of returning to the Soviet Union?" The very posing of the question seems incorrect to me. As long as we are asked such questions, it's clear that we can't talk about any serious perestroika. Why, for example, when the English writer Graham Greene moved to France, didn't anyone ask him whether or not he was planning to return to England? Who cares where Graham Greene lives -- in England or in France? And Hemingway, he lived quite peacefully in Cuba (can you imagine! on an island!) and didn't hurry back...
...Committee on Degrees in Women's Studies, which moved into the building's first-floor offices this January after the English department moved out, will not be affected by the construction, Knuff said...