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...state's largest counties, as well as metropolitan Chicago, to develop by March 1991 comprehensive waste- management programs that emphasize recycling. Said the Governor: "We're simply running out of room, out of time and out of money for facing these ((garbage-disposal)) problems in the same old way." EPA Administrator Porter has set a goal of having 25% of U.S. garbage recycled by 1992, vs. 10% now. Still, he concedes, recycling success will only delay rather than avert the day when landfills cannot take any more trash. Main problem with recycling: many Americans simply refuse to be bothered with...
While the regulation will be a blow to the users of halon and CFCs, it could, ironically, produce a windfall for producers. Until substitutes that do not harm the ozone become available, the prices of the chemicals may surge because of limited supplies. Recognizing that possibility, the EPA has asked for public comment on two ways of preventing producers from making excessive profits. One proposal calls for a special tax on earnings from CFC and halon sales, the other for the Government to auction off manufacturing rights, making a company pay for the privilege of producing the chemicals...
When Dukakis began his first term in 1975, there was little pressure to continue Sargent's efforts. The EPA, which turned the screws on other cities, was lax about Boston. It waited nearly five years before rejecting an application by the Dukakis administration for a waiver from the Clean Water Act. "Dukakis wasn't there, but no one else was either," recalls Judge Garrity. As a result, the proportion of adequately treated sewage dropped from 4% to 2% between 1976 and 1980; in contrast, Illinois took advantage of 90% federal funding so that Chicago could increase its treated sewage from...
Instead of pushing hard for a cleanup, the Dukakis administration in 1984 requested a second waiver from the EPA. Dukakis' secretary of environmental affairs, James Hoyte, defends this action, claiming that EPA hinted that additional studies might change the agency's mind. But according to EPA Administrator Deland, this application was a stalling device. "The waiver was designed for West Coast cities that discharged sewage into thousands of feet of water, and not for East Coast cities discharging into 30 or 40 feet," he says. The EPA denied the request. "Those were the critical years when time was lost," says...
Stiff fines and even prison sentences may get the attention of landbound polluters. Under Administrator Mike Deland, the EPA's New England office has acquired a reputation for tough pursuit of violators. In November 1986 the agency filed criminal charges against a Providence boatbuilder for dumping PCBs into Narragansett Bay. The company was fined $600,000 and its owner $75,000; he was put on probation for five years...