Word: epo
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...already tested negative five times in the past year. Radcliffe knew she would be a target for drug doubts after her efforts to help clean up the sport made headlines at the Edmonton championships. During the heats of the 5,000 m she held up a homemade banner reading "epo cheats out" to protest the inclusion of Russia's Olga Yegorova, who had tested positive for the oxygen-boosting drug, erythro-poetin, and was banned, but was reinstated on a technicality. Radcliffe doesn't regret her stand. "That protest was not against Yegorova," she says. "It was against all epo...
Theresa Arnerich, 54, couldn't afford to pay for private medical insurance after her divorce, so for years she went without. Finally, in 1997, Arnerich took a part-time sales job in Los Angeles, mostly for the health coverage. "I have an EPO," she says. "I don't know what that stands for--exclusive provider something. Whatever. They tell me it is one step above an HMO." She could have chosen a PPO--she doesn't know what that means either--but it cost more. On the other hand, her trusted gynecologist isn't in the plan, so she pays...
Synthetic EPO is dangerous: an overdose could make the blood too thick for the heart to pump. The drug's introduction in 1987 was followed by a series of mysterious heart attacks among Dutch cyclists. EPO is believed to have been the cause of no fewer than 25 deaths among Olympic-caliber cyclists in the past 23 years...
Epidemiologist Charles Yesalis of Penn State, an expert on performance enhancers, says new I.O.C. testing for EPO is "fluff," that it won't detect athletes who quit taking the drug a week or so before the Games...
...modified bovine hemoglobin suspended in a salt solution. Now in clinical trials in the U.S. it was fast-tracked for approval in South Africa and found its way to the black market. Canadian track coach Dan Pfaff recently told the Toronto Sun that he believes many athletes formerly on EPO have switched to undetectable Hemopure...