Word: equalize
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...population, he can never expect to register more than modest victories in the ballot box unless he wins white adherents to his cause. Here, also, black pride is dictating the new posture, which is not that of a needy supplicant begging for white assistance, but that of an equal who proclaims his self-sufficiency and his value as any man's ally. Many facets of Negro community life now reflect this concerted effort on the part of the Negro to elevate his own status and selfesteem...
More than Numbers. At the outset, the commission was faced with an apparent paradox. In proportion to population, the numbers of physicians, hospital beds and other health facilities are equal to or greater than they were 30 years ago; research has vastly expanded medical knowledge, and insurance and Government funds have "reduced financial barriers to care." Yet there is a "health crisis" in the country, marked by long delays in getting to see a doctor for routine care, hurried and sometimes impersonal attention, difficulty in getting care at night and on weekends, unavailability of beds in one hospital while beds...
...breaking down the so-called "room" cost, now set at $620, to two categories--room at $320 and "college services" at $300--a more equal distribution of financial burden could be made, Mrs. Bunting reported. All students would pay the college service payment, regardless of living arrangements...
Coleman, however, had other ideas. A professor of social Relations at Johns Hopkins, his size, soft voice, and boxer's nose suggest the aging athlete more than the reformer academic. But his first step was to discard the primary assumption of all past discrimination studies -- that equal educational opportunity consists of the quantity of the things you put into a school: curricula, classrooms, facilities. According to Coleman, this standard lets schools off too easily. It implies that the burden of learning falls on the child, while society's responsibility ends with getting students to schools and spending equal amounts...
...between race and achievement--the effects of racial mixing on minority education. But the logic of the statistics on race and class in the U.S. makes the omission almost irrelevant. As long as schools fail to mix disadvantaged children of any race with more advantaged peers, they cannot provide equal educational opportunity. Since the vast majority of Negroes are poor, and the Negro middle-class all but non-existent, racial segregation equals social segregation. Integration is thus essential to improving Negro education. (Actually, since the Report's publication, other studies, most notably the U.S. Civil Rights Commission's Racial Isolation...