Word: eritrea
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Film on Revolution in Eritrea--Schneider Center...
...massive Communist aid that has made the difference in the fortunes of war. For weeks, some 25 Soviet naval vessels have been standing by in the Red Sea off Eritrea province, where the Ethiopians are fighting a civil war against three liberation fronts. The Russian flotilla is presumably there to protect a Soviet sea lift to the Ethiopian-held port of Assab. Meanwhile, the Ethiopian air force, probably assisted by Cuban pilots, has been conducting bombing raids on the Somali city of Hargeisa and the port of Berbera, where the Soviets had a missile and naval base until the Somalis...
After some hesitation, Moscow has jumped forcefully into the internal wars between its Ethiopian client, the Marxist regime headed by Lieut. Colonel Mengistu Haile Mariam, and the rebel forces that have captured chunks of Ethiopian territory in Eritrea on the Red Sea and the Ogaden region bordering the Somali Democratic Republic. In mid-December, big Antonov and Ilyushin transport planes began wheeling into the airport at Addis Ababa, the Ethiopian capital. The airlift, which appears to be concluding, has brought iri $850 million worth of arms, including T-34 tanks, field guns, heavy mortars and light missiles. U.S. officials believe...
...easy task. In Eritrea, where rebel forces control 90% of the territory, fighting has swirled for weeks in and around the important port of Massawa (pop. 30,000). Rebel positions downtown have been bombed by Ethiopian pilots flying not only MiG's but also U.S. jets left over from the days (before May 1977) when the Addis Ababa regime was a U.S. friend. According to Western eyewitnesses, Soviet warships have been lobbing shells into the city. Most of Massawa's civilians have fled to the nearby hills, where they live in makeshift shelters, in desperate need of food...
...Ocean naval facility, but can probably find some kind of alternative-possibly on Ethiopia's Red Sea coastline. They have exchanged the friendship of Somalia for that of a far bigger country. But Ethiopia is an extremely fragile ally that is fighting wars in its northern province of Eritrea as well as the Ogaden, and is led by an unstable junta. Only last week the junta executed its second in command, Lieut. Colonel Atnafu Abate...