Word: eritrea
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...once had a seacoast. It fringed the strategic waters where the Red Sea runs into the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean. In the 19th Century the British, the French and finally the Italians each grabbed themselves a wedge of Ethiopia's shore. In their portion called Eritrea (pop. 1,000,000; area 50,000 sq. mi.), the Italians of Benito Mussolini's Fascist era rebuilt the old city of Asmara. From Eritrea the Italians launched their conquest of Emperor Haile Selassie's domain. It took World War II to drive the Italians out again...
Since war's end, Eritrea has been under temporary British care. Three years ago, the Big Four (Britain, France, Russia, U.S.) drafted a peace treaty with Italy in which the final disposition of Eritrea was left for U.N. decision. A five-member mission studied the problem, even visited the former Italian colony, but the commission split, made three separate reports. Last week the Eritrea issue came up for discussion before the General Assembly's Special Political Committee...
...coming under the second category, have been the focus of argument at this session of the General Assembly. The peace treaty with Italy provided that if the Big Four disagreed on the disposition of her colonies, the dispute should go to the U.N. Russia wanted U.N. trusteeship for Libya, Eritrea, and Somaliland; the Western Allies wanted them administered by a single nation. The whole problem went to the General Assembly...
...grandiose deal. The Latin American bloc, favorable to Italy, voted to put Somaliland under Italian control for ten years, with independence promised at that time. To appease the Arabs, Libya was promised freedom by 1952, with a U.N. commission to supervise the establishment of an independent government. Eritrea will be polled by a five-nation committee next year to see if it wishes to join Ethiopia...
...Assembly also put Italian Somaliland (pop. 915,000) under a ten-year Italian trusteeship, to be followed by full independence. The fate of Eritrea, Italy's third former colony, which Ethiopia would like to annex, will be considered later, after a U.N. commission makes a firsthand study...