Word: essays
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...test out their interest in academic careers. It allows them to empathize with the hardships of creativity that plague both professors and graduate students. And it introduces them to the pleasures offered to those who pursue the theoretical life. For others, the thesis may be nothing more than an essay in self-overcoming, as students prove to themselves their ability to compose a substantial research effort. These students regard the thesis as a rite of passage that provides them with ample opportunity to marvel at their own erudition...
Winners of the scholarship, which will pay $30,000 towards college and graduate school tuition, underwent several interviews and were asked to submit an original essay detailing how they would address a pressing topic in American politics...
...blew part of it away. Nobody can know just what monsters of the psyche drove the strange moonfaced man's mind to crack at that moment, or why he chose the gentlest, most innocent of the school's 729 pupils to be the victims of his inner torments (see Essay). For those who lived through it, the questions have but one answer. "Evil visited us yesterday," said Ron Taylor, the school's headmaster and one of the first to reach the scene of the killings. "We don't know why, we don't understand it, and I guess we never...
Though chess has lately been the best-publicized measure of a machine's humanity, it is not the standard gauge. That was invented by the great British computer scientist Alan Turing in a 1950 essay in the journal Mind. Turing set out to address the question "Can machines think?" and proposed what is now called the Turing test. Suppose an interrogator is communicating by keyboard with a series of entities that are concealed from view. Some entities are people, some are computers, and the interrogator has to guess which is which. To the extent that a computer fools interrogators...
...least that's the way the meaning of the Turing test is usually put. In truth, midway through his famous essay, Turing wrote, "The original question, 'Can machines think?,' I believe to be too meaningless to deserve discussion." His test wasn't supposed to answer this murky question but to replace it. Still, he did add, "I believe that at the end of the century the use of words and general educated opinion will have altered so much that one will be able to speak of machines thinking without expecting to be contradicted...