Word: established
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...settlement may also establish antitrust regulation as a key driver of innovation and competition in the IT sector. When Microsoft first began trading blows with the European Commission, it took a confrontational approach, as if it never believed it would be tamed by Brussels bureaucrats. But the tussles have cost Microsoft dearly: the E.U. watchdog has fined the company $2.4 billion for illegal business practices over the years. At the same time, the rise of companies like Apple and Google - which both enjoy quasi-monopolies in other technology sectors - creates a new challenge for Microsoft. Indeed, as Microsoft, Apple...
Some medical-marijuana advocates say placing an arbitrary cap on the number of dispensaries is a faulty way of bringing a problematic situation under control. "It's the prerogative of local government if they want to establish regulations that limit the number of facilities in a city or county. We would prefer that the market, the patient demand, dictate the number of facilities that would exist, or that the quality of the operation did," says Kris Hermes, spokesman for Americans for Safe Access, an advocacy group for prescription...
Johnson persevered and went on to establish a name and a place for herself on campus. Initially an economics concentrator, she ended up switching to African and African American Studies and went on to found Project Unveil in Nigeria this summer, which uses theater as a tool for social change to help girls from low-income families develop a passion for learning...
...France declined to comment on the court case, but noted its scanning work with 30 libraries and 30,000 private publishers has provoked little legal challenge. Could that change soon? "We feel confident we'll win on the most important legal points in this case, which is important to establish precedent awaiting the U.S. hearing in February," notes Tessa Destais, an adviser to Le Martinière. "We're not anti-Google - it's a wonderful company. We're simply insisting it obey copyright laws, and start negotiating with publishers as partners...
...this development is also an opportunity to bring in or promote younger faculty members who will hopefully prove their worth and establish themselves in the realm of academia while also bringing new perspectives to education. Sooner or later, younger faculty members need to climb the ranks, and perhaps offering older faculty a golden opportunity to retire will provide an impetus for new talent to shine...