Word: estado
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Salazar began immediately to construct his Estado Novo. He announced that the New State would be based on two great calls for social reform-the Rerum Novarum of Pope Leo XIII and the Quadragesima Anno of Pius XI (see RELIGION). But however lofty may have been his inspiration, Salazar's execution was on a quite different pattern, one already known and hated as Fascism: free thought was abolished, the individual became subordinated to the state, the human bill of rights was suppressed and the secret police became the main arm of government. Soon little boys, well-shod and sporting...
...onlooker, teenaged, tuberculous João do Nascimento, was unappreciative. Like thousands of others, he had tried for two years to get into one of the Government sanatoriums (3,324 beds for 75,000 tuberculous Portuguese), growing steadily weaker while indifferent functionaries of the Estado Novo shuffled his papers. Rashly João complained to a friend: "There is always plenty of money to finance processions, but to take care of the sick such as myself there never seems to be a penny...
...lasting friend. Although round little Dictator Vargas frequently makes fascist noises and although his country is well stocked with Germans and Italians, it distresses him to hear that many U. S. citizens think he would be the tool of Hitler or Mussolini. Truth is that internally the Vargas Estado Novo (New State) is about as autarchic as they come, but in external relationships Brazil wants no territory, needs protection, is hungry for foreign capital. This fits in neatly with U. S. foreign policy, so Senhor Vargas is a friend...
...population is white, about 5% pure Indian, 12% pure black; the rest are mixed. There is a small upper class, a smaller middle class, a large, illiterate, exploited lower class. This class has no franchise, no influence, no right of assembly, of organization, of free speech. Dictator Vargas' Estado Novo (New State), has talked loudly of bettering their lot, is still talking...
...Actress Gaby Deslys, was deposed in 1910 and after a short revolution a republic was proclaimed. Between 1910 and 1926, 40 Governments and 18 revolutions followed in rapid succession. Then the Army took control, placed General (now President) Carmona in power, and paved the way for the totalitarian Estado Novo under a tight-fisted dictator, Premier Antonio de Oliveira Salazar...