Word: estrogen
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...investigations into that question have produced a quagmire of contradictions. How about smoking? Again, there is no clear connection. Alcohol? Drinking seems to raise the risk of the disease slightly, but the association is too weak to account for America's prodigious rate. What about the widespread use of estrogen therapy following menopause? Studies show only a mildly elevated risk. And while food additives and even lack of sunlight have come under suspicion, there is little evidence to convict them...
...ESTROGEN CONNECTION...
Though scientists do not know how breast cancer begins, they do have some ideas about how it progresses. The female hormone estrogen, which is produced in the ovaries and causes a young girl's breasts to develop, also plays an unmistakable role in promoting the growth of tumor cells. Why do childlessness, late menopause, early onset of menstruation and delayed childbearing all increase the risk of breast cancer? One likely explanation is that all involve a prolonged, uninterrupted presence of high levels of estrogen in the bloodstream. Doctors have also noticed that women whose ovaries were removed before...
Norplant is essentially an old contraceptive in a new package. Developed by the Population Council, an international nonprofit research group, and Wyeth- Ayerst Laboratories, a division of American Home Products Corp. of Philadelphia, the method prevents pregnancy by using the hormone progestin, which with estrogen is the active ingredient in most birth-control pills. Norplant consists of six progestin-filled silicone tubes, each about the size of a matchstick. In a simple 15-minute procedure, a doctor inserts the tubes just beneath the skin in a woman's upper arm. Once in place, the tiny cylinders start releasing progestin into...
Bone, like many tissues, is constantly being broken down and rebuilt. In younger women this balance is thought to be maintained, at least in part, by the hormone estrogen. The sharply reduced production of estrogen after menopause, many researchers believe, upsets that balance, triggering a gradual loss of bone tissue. In about one-quarter of women, this deterioration eventually results in the porous, brittle bones characteristic of osteoporosis...