Word: etats
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Documents filed by immigration and social service officials reviewed by France's Conseil d'Etat stated Faiza M. had turned up for her naturalization interviews covered in black from head to foot, her face veiled with only her eyes visible. The reports said she explained her attire, her aversion to leaving her house, and full submission to her husband's authority as part of the couple's practice of Salafism - a literal reading and rigorous observance...
...Faiza M. noted that she "never questioned the fundamental values of the Republic", and had never given authorities and cause for concern or complaint since arriving in France in 2000. The Conseil d'Etat's ruling didn't contest that, and even acknowledged Faiza M.'s fine command of French, which is one requirement for naturalization. It also took into account she had repeatedly accepted treatment by a male gynecologist - even as fundamentalist Muslim couples in France are increasingly refusing any treatment for women by male doctors...
...Still, the Conseil d'Etat rejected Faiza M.'s application on the grounds the observance constituted "a radical practice of her religion (and) behavior in society incompatible with the essential values of the French community, notably the principle of equality between the sexes...
...challenged - came in response to Faiza M.'s appeal of an initial rejection of her naturalization application in 2005. The earlier decision faulted her "insufficient assimilation", and cited her form of dress, virtual seclusion, and submission to her husband as justification. In her petition to the Conseil d'Etat, Faiza M. argued the 2005 ruling violated France's constitutional right of freedom of religion by condemning her observance of Islam. The rejection of that appeal is final...
...keeping Islamic headscarves out of classrooms. And each new report of commotion - or even violence - in hospitals when Muslim husbands refuse to allow male doctors to tend to their wives sparks renewed outcry and debate that secular French society is under siege from foreign religious influences. The Conseil d'Etat's ruling may allay some of those fears-but not without generating cries of discrimination among many of France's five million Muslim...