Word: ethers
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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First essential was pure uranium, so the central planning group concentrated on a uranium refinery. Built quickly at Salwick in Lancashire, it did not use the U.S. process of purifying uranium by precipitating it from a solution. The British developed their own process, which uses ether as the separating agent...
...Commander D. J. Giorgio and Lieut. J. G. Morrow, anesthesiologists at Bethesda Naval Medical Center, have worked out a stratagem for soothing young surgical patients. Their device: a plastic space-chief helmet with a tube to admit oxygen and cyclopropane gas. After the space chief fogs off, he gets ether like ordinary mortals...
...Ether is put through the tube to produce deep anesthesia. (Oxygen is still being given.) If the pulse rate drops below 60, the anesthesiologist injects atropine. Procaine is injected into the rib cage and around the heart, and, finally, as the surgeon lays the heart bare, into the heart itself. Only then is the actual operation of widening the valve performed. The anesthesiologist injects lidocaine to block the nerves of the rib cage. As the wound is being closed, he twirls the knobs on the anesthesia machine to give a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen. The patient...
...Under ether, the sheriff's chest was opened, and the surgeons clamped off the aorta on both sides of the enlargement. As soon as they removed enough of the mass to give themselves working space, they cut the aorta at each side. Into the gap they stitched a 6-in. piece of aorta taken from another patient, a Negro who had died of injuries a few days earlier. It took 45 minutes from the time the clamps shut off the blood flow to the lower organs for the surgeons to stitch the graft in place and remove the clamps...
...Tested on humans for the first time, trifluoroethyl vinyl ether turned out to be a promising new anesthetic. Product of 15 years research by Dr. John C. Krantz Jr., Johns Hopkins pharmacology professor, the fluorinated ether puts a patient to sleep in 27 seconds (a standard ether takes up to five minutes), has an agreeable odor and a high boiling point that should make it useful in warm climates. Biggest advantage: not readily combustible, it will reduce the danger of disastrous operating-room explosions...