Word: ethiopia
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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...great outstanding feature of the history of Ethiopia was that the Ethiopian cultural unit stood as an outpost of Egyptian civilization in Middle Africa," writes Professor Reisner. He shows that Ethiopia had become thoroughly Egyptianized while it was under the sway of Egypt, and the Egyptian influence, though gradually diminishing, remained dominant for hundreds of years. During the Meroitic kingdom,--the period when Meroe was the capital,--Professor Reisner finds that several times Egyptian influences on Ethiopian culture were reintroduced and the Egyptian arts and crafts were revived, possibly through the importation of Egyptian craftsmen. The Ethiopians, however, were...
...foreign imports were, however, only a small part of the objects placed in the tombs. As always throughout Ethiopia, the burial chambers of every tomb which we excavated had been plundered, and usually very completely plundered. The gold objects actually found by the expedition were therefore only those overlooked or dropped by the thieves, and were only a small proportion of those originally in the tombs...
...Harvard-Boston expedition during the past three years, however, has probably not been the collection of these artistic treasures, but the careful and scientific examination and analysis of the fifty royal tombs in the cemeteries at Meroe, and the resulting determination of the chronological basis for the history of Ethiopia during the Meroitic...
...Reisner states that in Ethiopia, "Hemitic Libyans from the western desert formed the ruling class, while the mass of the people were probably racially Hamites if not actually of Libyan origin. The whole region involved was inhabited in antiquity, as it is today, by dark-colored races in which brown prevails. They are not, and were not, African negroes, although many individuals in the same region show' a mixture of black blood owing to intermarriage, or are themselves blacks of the slave class...
...interesting feature of the expedition's work has been in the light it has thrown on references to Queen Candace in the New Testament (Acts VIII, 27) and in the works of Pliny and Strabo. These speak of the Queen Candace as if she were the ruler of Ethiopia...