Word: ethiopia
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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From the land that was once Ethiopia and is now part of Italian East Africa, Italy up to last week had launched two drives into British colonies-one southward into Kenya, the other westward into the Sudan. Neither had got very far last week when Italy launched a third-into British Somaliland...
Italy's plan to join her eastern and north central holdings in Africa at Britain's expense rests secondarily on her efforts to enlarge the borders of her most recently acquired and indigestible piece of African pie: Ethiopia. Viceroy there and Governor General of Italian East Africa is the ablest member of the Royal Family, Prince Amedeo di Savoia, Duke of Aosta, first cousin of King Vittorio Emanuele. Into his 42 years this dynamic Duke has packed a great deal of colonial service and fighting in Tripoli, the Sahara, Ethiopia, incognito in the Belgian Congo. Lean and tall...
Same day they took Kassala, the Italians moved in force on Gallabat, a Sudanese post important for its nearness to Gondar and the roads around Lake Tana to Addis Ababa. Last fortnight they also took Kurmuk, another border post, south of where the Blue Nile flows out of Ethiopia...
...Ethiopia is no Arab-country, and far from wanting to raise a revolt among the Arabs who came mostly into Britain's sphere of influence after World War I, Britain wanted nothing so much as to keep them quiet. But various dialects of Arabic are the language of Egypt, the Sudan and Libya, as well as of the Asiatic shore. Furthermore, the Arabs are expert desert soldiers and might prove useful allies to the British in Libya and the Sudan, where roads are almost as scarce as railroads, and the chief highways are furrows in the sand worn...
...Italians on their part, soon after entering the war, began advancing on the Sudan from the Abyssinian watershed where rise the Blue Nile and the Atbara River, around Lake Tana in Ethiopia. Fear of these streams' sources falling into Italian hands was one of the factors which undermined the famed Hoare-Laval Deal in 1935, whose adoption might have averted the Axis' being formed. Ethiopia became Italian anyway, and the threat to the vital water supply of Egypt and the Sudan was underscored by the Italian advance in this region...