Word: ethiopian
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...then had to endure, sometimes for years, squalid life in sprawling refugee camps on the Sudanese side of the border. They are called Falashas in Ethiopia, which in the Amharic language means "strangers" or "ones without a place." But they have always had a spiritual home: Israel. Although these Ethiopians are black, they are also Jews, and they long for the Promised Land. The Israeli government was forced to reveal last week that it has been carrying out a costly, highly secret operation to satisfy that yearning. For more than a month, remnants of Ethiopian Jewry, emaciated and often suffering...
...century to some 25,000, scattered mostly throughout Ethiopia's remote northwestern Gondar province. While some of this decline can be attributed to absorption by the country's predominantly Ethiopic Christian culture or to inadequate health care, many may also have perished in pogroms. Since 1975, some 10,000 Ethiopian Jews have arrived in Israel, 3,000 of them as the result of Operation Moses. Prior to the present airlift, the typical method of escape was for couriers, financed mainly by private American Jewish organizations, to smuggle Falashas into Israel in small groups. This "underground railroad" usually took the emigres...
...Falashas' surreptitious exodus has for years been an open secret in Israel and throughout Africa. And Ethiopian authorities have not objected to Jews emigrating to Israel to be reunited with their families. Nevertheless, Israeli military censors tried hard to prevent word of Operation Moses from leaking out, fearing that publicity might result in Ethiopia's or Sudan's slamming the door shut. The rescue mission was grudgingly acknowledged after Yehuda Dominitz, director-general of the immigration department of the quasi- governmental Jewish Agency, revealed its existence in an interview with Nekuda, a small West Bank Jewish settlers' newspaper...
Ohliger added that Grassroots is unique because it sends supplies directly to the people, bypassing the Ethiopian government, which she said neglects the two regions...
With the sponsorship of City Councilor Saundra Graham, the project gained momentum when the City Council voted to make January 18, 1985, "Cambridge Cares and Shares Day" calling attention to the Ethiopian crisis...