Word: ethiopias
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...cite Angola, where Washington missed an opportunity to enter a crumbling colonial situation on the side of guerrillas who at that time were outside the Marxist orbit. In the Horn of Africa, critics charge, the U.S. was apparently the last to know that Somalia was planning an invasion of Ethiopia's Ogaden region, thereby helping to create an opening for Moscow in Addis Ababa. In Rhodesia, Washington failed to put sufficient pressure on either the Patriotic Front or the Smith regime to achieve a settlement at a time when Smith desperately needed to make a better deal with Nkomo...
While the U.S. found Ethiopia strategic because its port of Massawa bordered on the Red Sea, providing U.S. nuclear submarines with a friendly port, so did the Israelis--for different reasons. Seeing Nasser commit 70,000 men into what is now the Democratic anti-monarchists, fearing the further spread of Arab influence and ever aware of the importance of maintaining an open seaway from the Indian Ocean through the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean, the Israelis sent police-military advisers to Ethiopia to combat the Moslem independence group in Eritrea. At the same time the rebel Eritreans received support from...
While Carter ignored the Horn, the Soviets moved to support Ethiopia economically as well as militarily: they poured $850 million into the country. The Somalis, fearing Soviet support of Ethiopia and seeing the possibility of expansion in the future checked, expelled the Soviets, forcing them to withdraw from Berbera. But the Soviets, anticipating the Somali move, had already established themselves at Aden, the port at the tip of the Arabian Peninsula of South Yemen, long considered by the British as the most strategic point on the Red Sea. The base is close to the Red Sea island of Yanbu, where...
THEN THE WAR between the Somalis and the Ethiopians erupted. The Somalis pushed into the Ogaden in Ethiopia and were met by the superior Ethiopian forces. They were forced to withdraw in March of this year not, as Carter claims, because of U.S. pressure, but rather because they were incapable of sustaining the fight. The Soviets who have set themselves up as the champions of the black liberation movements are now supporting the Dergue's squelching of the Eritrean independence movement. They are supporting a regime that has moved to wipe out student opposition in the country and that...
...importance of the Horn is heightened by the Soviet presence in Ethiopia not only because it gives Moscow a foothold adjacent to the Sudan, the only real supporter of Egypt, but because it enables the Soviets to control both sides of the Red Sea and thereby control the traffic through the Suez--a direct threat to Israel. In addition, it threatens to neutralize the small countries of Djibouti, which recently gained independence, Somalia and Yemen, which borders on Saudi Arabia. The Soviet Union thus seeks to undermine the governments of Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Iran, and justifies their wishes...