Word: ethiopias
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...ETHIOPIA-SOMALIA conflict this past winter received more press coverage than any other clash in Africa. The Horn of Africa is undoubtedly a hot spot--not solely because Cuban mercenaries bolstered the Ethiopian regime's fight against the Somalis and Eritreans as the cover of Newsweek last week would suggest. But because the area is politically and militarily strategic for a multitude of countries--not least of all Israel, Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Iran. For many Americans the Horn has become yet another conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union staged on third world terrain. This impression alone...
...perennial Somali-Ethiopian tension has a lengthy history, but had yet to culminate until this year. As early as the 1960s, the Somalis professed their wish to unite all the Moslem Somali peoples, despite the fact that these expansionist aims would engulf not only the Ogaden region of Ethiopia, but also Eritrea, Djibouti (once French Somaliland, and otherwise known as Afars and Issas), and Northeastern Kenya. For this reason the United States then rejected the Somalis' request for military support and is not now extending large military support to President Said Barre's regime...
...Somali threat also prompted Haile Selassie's Ethiopian government to tighten its control over the self-proclaimed separatists in Eritrea--the half-Moslem, half-Christian province that is Ethiopia's only outlet to the Red Sea. With the U.S. refusal to supply arms to them in 1963, the Somalis accepted Soviet MIG's, artillery weapons and armed personnel carriers in exchange for Soviet rights to the port of Berbera. This led Kenya and Ethiopia--already friendly to the U.S.--to ask for a step up of arms shipments to them. The U.S. subsequently supplied both with obsolete Pentagon reject weapons...
...weekend before the vote. Even some eventual supporters, like Henry (Scoop) Jackson, were growing concerned that the treaty might contribute to a weakening American posture around the world. The vote on the treaty was coming up just after the Russians and the Cubans had chased the Somalis out of Ethiopia. "A lot of members are uneasy about the African situation," said Jackson...
President Carter hailed the Somali decision and urged the Soviet-Cuban expedition to do exactly the same thing: leave Ethiopia. Said Carter: "As soon as Somali forces have withdrawn completely, and as soon as Ethiopian forces have reestablished control over their territory, withdrawal of the Soviet and Cuban combat presence should begin." By week's end there were reports out of Washington that Moscow has told the Administration it expects a "very substantial reduction" in the number of Cubans in Ethiopia, currently about...