Word: ethnicization
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...deserts and mountains, where peaks of black sand descend toward ancient oasis towns. In many of its cities, men still haggle over livestock in dusty markets and purchase blades from blacksmiths whose families have stayed in the craft for centuries. The faces of its Uighur inhabitants, a Turkic Muslim ethnic group, tell of Xinjiang's history as a crossroads for caravans and civilizations: an astonishing array of gray, hazel and blue eyes, fringed by brown or black or even blond hair. Marco Polo journeyed through these parts and noted, along with generations of other travelers, not just the stark beauty...
...permanent collection, which constitutes most art displayed in public spaces, must have been made over 25 years ago, and their creating artist must be deceased. This accounts for the collection’s overwhelming focus on 18th- and 19th-century paintings, as well as the lack of ethnic and gender diversity in the collection...
...much anticipated E.U. report on last year's five-day war between Russia and Georgia held Tbilisi responsible for triggering the conflict but blamed Russia for creating conditions that helped spark it. Both sides claimed vindication from the 1,000-page document, which also found that Russian allies committed ethnic cleansing against Georgian civilians...
...Uighurs, a Turkic Muslim minority group in the country's far west who chafe under Beijing's rule. Uighurs complain of government discrimination, from being frozen out of jobs to having their language and religion suppressed. Those grievances and frustrations seemed to boil over this summer, when ethnic riots city of Urumqi left nearly 200 people, mostly Han Chinese, and were answered by a ruthless state crackdown. The Chinese hope, said Libi, "for [the Uighurs'] demise and destruction so that their numbers would decline and Islamic identity would be dissolved." He exhorted fellow Muslims to rise up and aid militant...
...Another common criticism is that Afghanistan is a cobbled-together agglomeration of warring tribes and ethnic factions that is not amenable to anything approaching nation-building. In fact, the first Afghan state emerged with the Durrani Empire in 1747, making it a nation older than the U.S. Afghans lack no sense of nationhood; rather, they have always been ruled by a weak central state...