Word: ethnicize
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...West and Central Africa have been plagued by deep-rooted ethnic and political instability that has sustained brutal conflicts across a number of the region's borders, most of which were drawn by the European colonial powers during the 19th century to deliberately bisect traditional nations and kingdoms to create divided colonies which could be more easily ruled from abroad. Once these colonies became independent, control of the state typically meant control over the natural resources coveted by Western importers, making state power the primary economic prize over which generals, demagogues and warlords competed - and control over those resources often...
...With their bitter memories of colonialism, Iraqis are likely to resist any American push to determine who should write their constitution. But there is little reason to think that Iraqis are not up to the task. All the major parties and ethnic groups say they are committed to a united Iraq. The nightmare of Saddam's one-party state has made all Iraqis skeptical about the concentration of power. Having been joined for so long in their suffering, Iraqis have common ground with which to shape their future...
...pictures (in Spellbound and Duel in the Sun) to his long prime with a Mount Rushmore visage and the voice of Yahweh on a good day, Peck was the sonorous pitchman for movie humanism. He showed how a strong man could also be a gentle man. He counseled ethnic tolerance: of Jews, in Gentleman's Agreement, and blacks, in Mockingbird. As a crusading attorney who is also a gentle single dad to his two young kids, Peck made rectitude appear robust. That sanctity had staying power: this month the American Film Institute chose Atticus Finch as the top hero...
...country's divided political geography - a situation for which the Bush administration can thank the French (and the British). Iraq, like most of the nation-states conjured up with pencil and ruler on mapping tables in European capitals during the colonial era, comprises three distinct and often hostile ethnic groups. The Europeans did this to make such entities easier to rule from the outside and hobble their ability to unite against the colonial authorities. And the same dynamic may help the Americans...
...founding father, Mohammed Ali Jinnah, to create a nation for Muslims. But the Mohajirs were in for a rude shock. Many of the local Punjabis, Sindhis and Pathans regarded them as unwanted trespassers. They still do, except nowadays the Mohajirs have earned wary respect by carrying out vicious ethnic warfare in Karachi throughout the early 1990s. The Pathans and the Sindhis retaliated but the Mohajirs matched them murder for murder, operating torture cells. Today Karachi is in the grips of the Mohajir godfather, Altaf Hussain, a fugitive in Britain charged with more than 100 counts of murder, sabotage and arson...