Word: european
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Under Secretary of State C. Douglas Dillon, on a flying trip to Europe, preached the need to end European discrimination against the dollar and for prosperous Europe to do its bit elsewhere. The U.S., having donated or lent $75.8 billion to foreign countries since 1945, could not bear the burden alone, nor could any single nation. ¶ Britain's Sir Oliver Franks, onetime ambassador to Washington, and now chairman of Lloyds Bank, coined a vivid, if not quite precise, name for the new need. Instead of a familiar East-West crisis, he talked of a North-South axis, proposed...
Mission to India. In past days, proposals to pool foreign aid have met with congressional insistence that there should be Made-in-U.S.A. labels on all gifts sent abroad in order to win cold-war advantage. And until lately, European nations have talked poor mouth (Italy, for example, likes to bring up its own impoverished south, the Mezzogiorno, as one of the world's underdeveloped regions). Or they have insisted that British spending in the Commonwealth, French aid to its Community, and Belgian assistance to the Congo must be reckoned as each country's contribution to taking...
Sixteen months ago, Charles de Gaulle swept grandly through France's black Africa empire-the biggest European holdings on the continent-offering self-government and membership in a new French Community. Only Sekou Toure's Guinea turned him down. De Gaulle was able to put together a Community of eleven autonomous African states, plus the island republic of Madagascar. What if they wanted independence? "You have only to ask for it," said De Gaulle...
...crisis is one that has been faced before by the Overseas Chinese, an unassimilated group that has lived for centuries among alien peoples. As early as 300 B.C., Chinese merchants in clumsy junks coasted along the shores of Viet Nam. When European adventurers and explorers first made their hesitant way into Southeast Asia, they found, as Britain's Sir Thomas Herbert wrote in 1634, that in every major seaport were the "infinitely industrious Chyneses...
...European imperialists regarded them as rivals. The Spanish in the Philippines were nearly wiped out before they rallied to slaughter 23,000 Chinese at Manila in 1603. At midcentury, a Chinese exile and pirate named Koxinga drove the Dutch from Formosa; later the Dutch retaliated by wholesale murders of Chinese on Java. But the colonial powers and the Overseas Chinese soon recognized that they were destined to be allies, not enemies. The one supplied technology and power, the other shrewdness and hard work; between them they reaped the fortune of the Indies...