Word: europeanization
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Between these two major points there was no quid pro quo; the U.S. was not forced to accept negotiation in order to get European acceptance of missiles, nor were the other NATO powers forced to accept missiles to establish the offer of negotiations. Many NATO countries had long been importuning the U.S. to provide them with modern weapons. But U.S. negotiators came to realize, more sharply than before, that the leaders of most NATO nations needed, for political reasons, to couple acceptance of missiles with a reiterated promise that the West is always ready to listen to practical offers...
...NATO powers are in Paris to meet one logical, overriding need: to preserve the deterrent military-political power that has kept the cold war cold, built a military foundation for West European prosperity. The new threat: Sputnik and the Soviet experimental intercontinental ballistic missile. The new military response: deployment of intermediate-range ballistic missiles in closeup NATO bases around the Russian heartland...
...this spirit the U.S.'s four-star General Lauris Norstad, Supreme Allied Commander in Europe, read an editorial to his staff one day last week from London's Daily Telegraph. It read: "Each European country has more to gain by augmenting America's retaliatory strength than it has to lose by becoming in the event of war a certain target for Russian assault . . . We must do everything necessary...
...cloudy, hot morning last week in Leopoldville, capital of the vast Belgian Congo (about four times the size of Texas and 77 times larger than Belgium itself), long lines of natives stood quietly in the dusty streets. Across town, amid the mangoes, palms and cassia trees of the European quarter, far fewer white citizens were similarly lined up. Belgian gradualism was making another cautious move forward, permitting the first elections-for either whites or blacks-to be held in Belgium's fabulously rich (cobalt, uranium, copper, gold) and only colony...
...white or black, over 25 years of age were eligible to vote. The Belgian aim is to create a "partnership" between the two races, setting them out to travel on parallel courses, but with the whites significantly senior. Thus, under the new "cities statute," Leopoldville is divided into three European communes for its population of 30,000 whites, and eight jampacked African communes for its 350,000 blacks. White and Negro mayors will be selected from the elected councilors by veteran (six years) Governor General Leon Petillon...