Word: europeanization
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...accommodate the Communists' new image is beginning to divide European Socialists into two camps: a Northern group that wants no alliances with the Communists, and a Southern coalition that believes such alliances are necessary for leftist political victory. The debate sharpened considerably over the past two weeks at two major conclaves of Europe's Socialist leaders...
...first round took place at a meeting of Socialists from 18 European countries at Helsingor (Hamlet's Elsinore) in Denmark. The Northern Socialists-including British Laborites, West German Social Democrats, Danish, Swedish and Austrian parties-vehemently reiterated what has come to be a cornerstone of the Socialist International's policy: no dealings with Communists. "We see no reason to engage in any kind of cooperation," thundered West German Chancellor Helmut Schmidt, warning that any alliances would endanger both NATO and the Common Market...
...forces on the left. They argued that Southern Socialists, unlike their Northern counterparts, are out of office and stand little chance of gaining power on their own. Economic development is slow in Southern Europe, they point out; workers and unions are anxious for radical change, not Northern European reformism. Southern Communist parties are too strong to be ignored, unlike the small, peripheral parties of Northern Europe. At the same time, the Southern Socialists are growing stronger and can now share power with Communists without necessarily losing the upper hand. In France, for instance, recent opinion polls show that the Socialists...
...does not believe that the Communists will abide by the rules of democracy and yield power should they lose an election. He also fears that Communists in Western Europe's governments might leak NATO secrets to Moscow. On orders from Kissinger, U.S. diplomats called on a number of European Socialist leaders before the Helsingor meeting, urging them to reject any trend toward Communist alliances...
...American lobbying campaign annoyed many Southern Socialists, who feel that neither Kissinger nor their Northern European colleagues understand the problem. "There is a new situation in Southern Europe," says Robert Pontillon, national secretary of the French Socialist Party. "There is a dynamism on the left, but we can't reach power without an alliance with the Communists. Unless the U.S. wants to deal only with the likes of Franco and the Greek colonels, Kissinger must admit the reality of Southern Europe, including large Communist parties...