Word: europeanization
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Political Economy of Price Controls: The Swedish Case--Lars Jonung. Center for European Studies...
...first American volunteer working for the Sandinistas to be killed in the Contras' five-year-old war against the leftist government. Seven European volunteers have been killed since...
...zero option has had a bizarre, irony-ridden career. Born as a slogan of the European left in the late 1970s, kidnaped and turned to their purposes by Reaganaut hard-liners in 1981, now adopted and turned to his own use by Mikhail Gorbachev, it may come to maturity at a summit later this year as the first arms-control agreement in nearly a decade -- but also as the object of intense opposition...
...category of weapons -- modern land-based, intermediate-range ballistic missiles -- the SS-20 was seen to be "decoupling." Western strategists could imagine the two sides' intercontinental missiles holding each other in check while the SS-20s allowed the Soviets to dominate the intermediate-range bishops and knights in the European squares on the board. As a result, the pawns -- tanks, artillery and infantry -- would suddenly become more important, and the overwhelming numerical superiority of the Warsaw Pact's conventional forces might be the determining factor in a political crisis...
...next battle: the U.S. proposed that if the Soviets eliminated all their SS-20s, NATO would not just restrict its prospective deployment but cancel it altogether. The simplicity and boldness of the scheme appealed to Reagan, and it had the advantage of seeming to give some of the noisier Europeans what they wanted. Pacifists and critics of NATO in Schmidt's Social Democratic Party had called for the Null-Losung, the "zero solution," although for them, along with "ban the Bomb" and "zone of peace," it was part of the vocabulary of European neutralism. Thus Perle was able...