Word: europeanization
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Frankfurt, a relaxed, subdued Daniloff sipped champagne and talked with reporters. The next morning he boarded a flight for Washington. The movie on board was the felicitously titled Sweet Liberty. The crowd of newsmen that awaited him at Dulles Airport rivaled one that might have gathered for, say, a European head of state. Daniloff's daughter Miranda, 23, handed her parents a dozen yellow roses and a bottle of champagne. Then, her eyes welling up with tears, she pinned a single rose on her father's lapel. His son Caleb presented him with a T shirt originally emblazoned FREE NICK...
...jargon of nuclear strategists, the linkage of West European security to the U.S. nuclear arsenal has always been known as coupling. American bombers capable of carrying nuclear weapons were first flown to Europe in 1948 as a gesture of resolve during the Berlin blockade. It was not long before the Soviet Union began building up its own Euromissile arsenal, which eventually surpassed that of the West. In 1979 NATO decided to modernize its intermediate-range nuclear forces by procuring 108 Pershing II ballistic missiles (now all in place) and 464 low-flying cruise missiles (160 of which are already installed...
Despite great expectations, some fear that an INF deal could undermine NATO's credibility, since the missiles have become a symbol of U.S. commitment to the alliance's defense. "There are bound to be some accusations that we cried wolf," says one European official. But a European defense expert argues that reduction would not equal a policy shift. "The decision in 1979 to modernize was a two-track decision," he says. "One of the tracks was deployment, the other was arms control. We were always ready to trade those systems...
Most of the problems of present-day Africa, Mazrui suggests, can be traced to Western interlopers: from the missionaries and slave traders of early days, through the European colonialists who carved up the continent with arbitrary national borders, to capitalists who have plundered its natural resources, "often bequeathing decay rather than development." The series contains no on-camera interviews, just Mazrui's narration set against striking shots of African life and landscapes. The rhetoric is sometimes excessive ("the collective burial of a people," "Western sharks in search of a pound of flesh"). And Mazrui's approach can be annoyingly simplistic...
...cultural predicament. Africa today, he says, is dependent on the West in ways it cannot control: without the English and French languages, | public business in most countries would come to a halt. Western moral standards have often seemed as impenetrable to Africans as theirs have to us. "Early European missionaries," Mazrui notes, "found it easier to admit a slave owner to Communion than a member of a polygamous household." Meanwhile, Africa still has to import most of the manufactured goods made from its own abundant raw materials. For all its polemics, The Africans has a great deal...