Word: europeanize
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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According to Goldhagen, most people think the Holocaust was a central event not because Jews suffered, but because the Holocaust was perpetrated by a Western European country deemed to be at the pinnacle of civilization. This contrast challenges our notion of progress, Goldhagen said...
...writer, a young new U.S. writer, who instinctively differentiates between the hawk of living and the handsaw of existing. He appears to have lived considerably himself, in unusual ways and places. He knows how trout-fishing in Michigan feels; how Yankee jockeys, straight and crooked, ride on European tracks; how half-breed squaws bear their children back of the logging camps; how bulls and toreros slaughter one another in Spain. How he knows things you cannot say; he writes so directly, without fuss and feathers, with so little explanation of himself. He is that rare bird, an intelligent young...
...American painters, sculptors and architects still defined themselves largely in terms of European models, whether of "traditional" art or of Modernism. But the decade also saw the emergence of a genius of American design who was perhaps the greatest architect of the century: Frank Lloyd Wright. The decade's supreme collective artifact, in steel and stone, was, of course, Manhattan itself, with its immense towers--Chrysler, Empire State and the rest--rising like blasts of congealed and shining energy from the bedrock, a spectacle of Promethean ambition and daring...
...biggest change was the rise of American popular culture: not only jazz and its innumerable variants but also what happened onstage, across the airwaves and on the movie screen. America took the European operetta, fused it with burlesque and jazz and created--through the genius of Irving Berlin, Jerome Kern, Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II and others--a broad, unique musical form. The '20s saw the rise of the Hollywood studio system, which had grown from its humble origins among (mostly immigrant Jewish) nickelodeon proprietors into the most powerful industry for the invention and spread of dreams in human history...
...series of summits, Gorbachev and Reagan brought about a de-escalation of the arms race, which the Soviet leader realized was swallowing more resources than he could afford. The European satellites were too, so Gorbachev told their chiefs that Soviet tanks would no longer keep them in power. That started a chain reaction that left both sides dumbfounded. By the end of 1989, the Soviet bloc had dissolved: Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, East Germany and Romania all installed noncommunist regimes. Even then, nobody would have guessed that in another two years the Soviet Union itself would shatter into 15 pieces...