Word: europeans
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...European action represented a sharp challenge to the authority of the FAA. In the past, European carriers have automatically obeyed FAA directives involving U.S.-made aircraft. When Washington withdrew the DC-10's airworthiness certificate on June 6, the Europeans promptly grounded their 10s too and undertook extensive FAA-required examinations of the engine pylons and wing attachment fittings, which National Transportation Safety Board investigators suspect may have had a key role in the cause of the U.S.'s worst airline catastrophe...
However, since the FAA showed no eagerness to lift the ban quickly, the European airlines became restive. Reason: they did not want to keep the plane on the ground, especially during the peak season of tourist travel. Although one of every three U.S.-owned DC-10s inspected had flaws in the pylon mountings (such as cracks, corrosion and serious stress in the attachment bulkheads), no similar problems were found on the European crafts. Furthermore, the European lines fly almost exclusively advanced, longer-range versions of the plane, known as the series 30 and 40, rather than the older, shorter-range...
...emergency meeting in Zurich, the European airlines persuaded their national civil aviation authorities to allow the DC-10s to return to the air, even though the U.S.'s National Transportation Safety Board had not yet determined the probable cause of the Chicago crash. Even so, passengers showed little or no hesitance about flying in DC-10s again...
...defying the FAA ban and signaling what amounted to a vote of confidence in the DC-10, the European airlines increased the already intense pressures on Bond either to clear the plane for takeoff in the U.S. or spell out its faults and prescribe the cure. But U.S. investigators still have serious doubts about the plane...
...regard the European thing as a difference of opinion," said Bond. "People look at the same evidence and come to different conclusions. I have tried not to be critical of them. But I guess there are still open questions in my own mind that have not been resolved...