Word: euskadi
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Euskadi ta Askatasuna, or Basque homeland and liberty). A separatist movement in the four Basque provinces of northern Spain. Generally Marxistoriented, ETA seeks total independence for the provinces (and links with Basque areas of France) and rejects government offers of regional autonomy. Estimated active membership: 60 to 120, with thousands of supporters in the northern provinces of Spain. Its archcrime: the 1973 bombing murder of Vice Admiral Luis Carrero Blanco, then Franco's Premier...
...domain at the end of the French Revolution in 1789. The remaining four-fifths, the states of Alaba, Bizcaya, Gipuzcoa and Nabarra were annexed by Spain in 1839 after the first Carlist war. It was at this time, after centuries of freedom, that the Basques first lost their independence. Euskadi-- the Basque word for Basqueland--became an occupied nation...
...focal point of the crisis was not in Madrid, but 130 miles away in Burgos. There in a military court 16 young radicals from Spain's northern Basque country are on trial on charges of assorted "separatist-terrorist-Communist activities." The 16 are members of the E.T.A. (for Euskadi at Askatusana-"Basque Land and Liberty" in Basque), a small, militant group of terrorists who profess to be fighting for local autonomy...
Subsequent events followed a now familiar script. In Bilbao, another Basque city, the West German consul received a postcard from Beihl identifying the kidnapers as members of the E.T.A.-for Euskadi at Askatu-sana ("Basque Land and Liberty"). A minuscule but tautly organized terrorist group, E.T.A. has been skirmishing with General Francisco Franco's regime for years. Beihl's future, it was made clear, would depend on the fate of 16 E.T.A. guerrillas who went on trial last week in Burgos for the 1968 murder of a San Sebastián police chief and other terrorist activities...