Word: euzkadi
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...million Basques, for similarity to any other recorded speech. Medical researchers are still at a loss to explain why proportionately more Basques carry the Rh-negative blood factor than any other people. But since the days of ancient Rome, anyone who tried to subjugate the people of Euzkadi, or Basque Land, has quickly learned one fact about them: the Basques want to govern themselves. Finally brought under Spanish and French domination in the 19th century, the Basques have maintained one of the most virulent separatist traditions in Europe. Of late, it has exploded into a campaign of deadly terrorism...
Priestly Aid. Credit for the terrorist campaign has been claimed by Euzkadi ta Askatasuna (Basque Land and Liberty), an outlawed movement that started in 1953 as a youth group. It has since split with the Basque Nationalist Party, which has worked peacefully for independence since the late 19th century. E.T.A. now campaigns on behalf of what it calls "colonized and oppressed" Basques with nightrider tactics and a Marxist vocabulary. "We have gathered our forces to form a national liberation front," says one of its leaders. "We will not stop until we have achieved the creation of a truly democratic socialist...
...French Basques. Though generally less restive than their brethren in Spain, many French Basques firmly endorse the drive for independence and rarely miss a chance to let Charles de Gaulle know it. On the day he proclaimed, "Vive le Québec libre!", Basques broke out signs reading "Vive Euzkadi libre!" They also employ as graffiti an equation that at first glance is almost as incomprehensible as their language: "Three plus four equals one." It means that France's three Basque provinces plus the four in Spain should be one nation...
...youths surged into Pamplona's Plaza Mayor one day last week and, with a lusty cheer, sent two homemade rockets sizzling into the sky. While police unsuccessfully pursued them, their rockets exploded into a shower of paper flags, each bearing the red field and two green crosses of Euzkadi, the homeland of the Basques. Spain's Basque Separatists are once more up to their old habits of derring-do. In recent weeks they have also planted their outlawed flag on a mountaintop in upper Navarra, ingeniously substituted it for the Spanish flag at a civil ceremony...
...Basques no longer want any part of Euzkadi, which existed as a separate republic only for a few months at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War. They would, however, like to regain the local fueros (privileges) that were taken away from them by the Franco government for having fought on the wrong side of the civil war. Under the fueros, traditionally granted by most Spanish governments, the Basques were allowed to collect their own taxes and run their own local governments according to the timeless, almost tribal, lights of their ancestors-who decided Basque affairs in a council that...