Word: ewha
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Negro woman who began as a Philadelphia choir singer; at the same time it illustrated how sharper than a diplomat's wile can be the sweet song of a woman of great talent and simple dignity. Contralto Anderson acknowledged an honorary degree from Seoul's Ewha Women's University with the emotion-charged Negro spiritual, He's Got the Whole World in His Hands, sang Home, Sweet Home with homesick U.S. 24th Infantry Division troops on Korea's front lines, explained Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation to schoolchildren in Bangkok, told schoolboys in Malaya...
Death of a Patron. Few campuses anywhere in the world have traveled more resolutely towards their goal over a more precarious road. Ewha was at first such a suspect place that its pupils went about in veils to conceal their identity. But the school did have one powerful patron-patriotic Queen Min, who in 1895 was to meet death in her own palace at the hands of Japanese infiltrators. By 1910, when Japan finally annexed Korea, the idea of education for women was so well established that Ewha began adding college courses...
...Japanese soon found Ewha to be a hotbed of resistance. In March 1919, after Korea abortively declared its independence, the girls of Ewha were out in the street shouting "Mansei!" ("Ten thousand years for Korea!") with the best of them. One even became something of a legend. She was 15-year-old Yoo Kwan Soon, who saw her parents murdered and was herself imprisoned for the crime of sewing small Korean flags...
Survival of a Campus. The Japanese tried to control Ewha by forbidding the teaching of English and Christianity and by deporting the school's foreign teachers. But, says Ewha's President Helen Kim, "they had a hard time. The Japanese hoped we would rather die out. But we didn't die." In 1950 the Communists ran into much the same situation. They took over the school's buildings, but by the time they did. President Kim and 900 students had fled to set up shop in 50 tents on a hillside above Pusan...
...Today Ewha has colleges of liberal arts, music and fine arts, law and political science, medicine, pharmacy and education. It runs 70 laboratories, two hospitals, two kindergartens, two demonstration schools. Though a goodly proportion (68% this year) of its graduates go into teaching, many are married to top figures in Korea (among them: Lee Ki Poong, speaker of the National Assembly; Kim Tai Sun. mayor of Seoul; Admiral Sohn Won II, former Defense Minister; Choi Kyu Nam, Education Minister). Men with Ewha wives still call themselves Pan-kwan (the Henpecked), but the term is now used with pride. "Ewha...