Word: exactingly
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Last week the U.S. launched a 265-lb., candy-striped medicine ball called Transit IB, forerunner of a series of U.S. Navy satellites that by 1962 will provide more exact navigational guidance for ships and planes (see SCIENCE). And even the long-jinxed Air Force Discoverer program got off a perfect launching of Discoverer XI into polar orbit, though airmen once again failed to recover the data capsule that the satellite ejected...
...seems to rise and fall in pitch as the train goes by. Similarly, the signals from a satellite increase in frequency as they move nearer to a receiver on earth, diminish as they move on. By measuring the rate of change of these frequencies, a navigator can determine his exact distance from the satellite's path. And since Transit will also announce just where it will be on its path at any given moment, a computer on shipboard will be able to tell the navigator where...
...four satellites will crisscross in a synchronization planned to serve all quarters of the earth. The advantage to commercial shipping will be slight, since present methods are more than adequate. But the military significance is great, may solve the major problem of missile shots from submarines: determining the exact distance and direction from the sub to the target. Cruising underwater far off the beaten track and out of loran's range, a nuclear submarine will be able to poke a whip antenna above the surface, take a fix on the nearest Transit satellite, and blaze away with lethal accuracy...
Brash, hawk-nosed Challenger Tal is Botvinnik's exact opposite. A graduate of the philology department at the Latvian State University in Riga, he has made chess his profession; when he is not playing the game he is writing about "it in a Riga chess journal, which he edits. During a game, he makes his moves swiftly. Between moves, he circles endlessly around the table. Then, as though in response to an electric brain-flash, he stops in his tracks, hovers over the board, and, when his turn comes, swoops down like a hawk on the piece he intends...
...when Thomas Jefferson ran off the first census. Seventeen censuses later, the U.S. population figures to tumble over the 180 million mark. Last week around the nation, the census takers -170,000 of them-were going through travail and triumph to bring in the exact figures. Predictably, the nosy head counters were sure to have their hands full, for it has always been thus...