Word: explained
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...wavering at Yale is somewhat suprising, since Levin has long been critical of early admissions and, in 2002, sought approval from the Justice Department to drop the program along with other schools. Perhaps the YDN could explain what accounts for the newfound apprehension...
Laid side by side, these three sets of genetic blueprints--plus the genomes of gorillas and other primates, which are already well on the way to being completely sequenced--will not only begin to explain precisely what makes us human but could lead to a better understanding of human diseases and how to treat them...
...have an altered form of a molecule called sialic acid on the surface of their cells. This variant is coded for by a single gene, which is damaged in humans. Since sialic acids act in part as a docking site for many pathogens, like malaria and influenza, this may explain why people are more susceptible to these diseases than, say, chimpanzees...
...FOXP2 gene with the same protein in various great apes and in mice, they discovered that the amino-acid sequence that makes up the human variant differs from that of the chimp in just two locations out of a total of 715--an extraordinarily small change that may nevertheless explain the emergence of all aspects of human speech, from a baby's first words to a Robin Williams monologue. And indeed, humans with a defective FOXP2 gene have trouble articulating words and understanding grammar...
...found that the entire human X chromosome diverged from the chimp's X chromosome about 1.2 million years later than the other chromosomes. One plausible explanation is that chimps and humans first split but later interbred from time to time before finally going their separate evolutionary ways. That could explain why some of the most ancient fossils now considered human ancestors have such striking mixtures of chimp and human traitssome could actually have been hybrids. Or they might have simply coexisted with, or even predated, the last common ancestor of chimps and humans...