Word: exportability
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...cloud seeding. Yet the drought's consequences are seeping into every pore of his nation's welfare. Some areas are suffering 40% unemployment. One estimate predicts that the total loss to the nation may amount to $7.5 billion. Australia, which relies on agriculture for half its export earnings, may also find it difficult to regain the markets it is steadily losing. Lamented the national daily, the Australian: "The drought is not just a rural catastrophe, it is a national disaster...
...matter now stands, American exporting companies are required by the Export Administration Act of 1979 to insist in contracts with the buyers of their defense-sensitive products that the items cannot be re-exported to any East bloc nations. That law, which will expire in September, has already prompted an intense backstage battle between the Commerce and Defense departments on future methods of tightening controls over such exports...
...with potential military application are readily available to the Soviet Union from other nations, or when the line between an innocent use of technology and a military use is so vague as to be indistinguishable in practice. The Pentagon, on the other hand, would like veto power over the export from the U.S. of any technology that some day could conceivably endanger U.S. security...
...current practice leaves the authority and responsibility almost wholly with Commerce. Officials there review all applications for export licenses and invite Pentagon recommendation only when they need a second opinion on whether the item might have military value to a Communist nation. Last year, out of 85,000 applications it reviewed, Commerce concluded that about 8,000 involved national-security considerations. Of those, Commerce asked the Pentagon to take a good long look at 2,000. In the end, Commerce denied only 5% of the sensitive applications. For another 10%, it asked the U.S. firms involved to reduce the sophistication...
Ghana's greatest single economic failure, however, has been a precipitous drop in cocoa production, which accounts for 70% of the country's exports. Only 200,000 tons will be produced this year, in contrast to 500,000 tons twelve years ago. The reason: successive regimes forced artificially low prices on farmers, who then abandoned cocoa for more lucrative crops. Meantime, the country's already dwindling export earnings were poured into industrial projects that have largely failed. As a result, Ghana's foreign debt exceeds $2 billion, the equivalent of two years' exports...