Word: exporters
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...Tractor headquarters in Peoria, 111. Once the unchallenged leader in the manufacture of heavy-construction equipment, Caterpillar has been staggered by shrinking foreign markets and fierce competition. In 1982 and 1983 it lost a total of $525 million, and the number of employees in the U.S. assigned to the export business has fallen from 31,000 to 16,000. During 1984's first three months, it lost an additional $109 million. To stem its losses, the company has been forced to cut employment and transfer manufacturing operations overseas...
Currently, congressional debate over the parameters of the Export Control Act threatens to erode academic freedom further--"export" has come to include the exchange of papers at international conferences and presence of foreign nationals at American universities. A 1983 National Academy of Sciences staff report concluded that "the proposed rules [potential amendments to the Act] seem to have the potential to have a significant effect on the U.S. scientific enterprise...
Reagan still insists that his policies toward El Salvador and Nicaragua are fundamentally linked. Both, he suggested last week, involve struggles against "the expanding export of subversion by the Soviet bloc." He called the contra guerrillas "freedom fighters," and lumped them with Duarte's army. While he refused to rule out direct U.S. military intervention in El Salvador, he raised good arguments against it. "President Duarte made it very plain that they would never request American troops," Reagan said, and added, "Look at all our friends and neighbors in Latin America. . . we'd lose all those friends...
Wildlife traffickers often launder items: if a country bans the export of a species, smugglers spirit animals into a nearby nation that permits their export. An official of an accommodating government can be bribed to list his country as the origin of items. Says Paul Gertler, a biologist with the federal wildlife permit office: "Inspectors at ports of entry are put in the position where they have to take the word of another government...
...seemingly legitimate documents shielding these shipments make the illegal trade difficult to detect. But the World Wildlife Fund has recently helped the U.S. Government computerize international export-import records and has begun matching them with census counts of endangered species. Stopping the illegal trade in the future may depend not only on catching poachers in the act but on following the document trail they leave behind. Says the fund's Linda McMahan: "It's not just a cloak-and-dagger operation any more. It's becoming a complex paper chase...