Word: facials
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...paralyzing the facial muscles used for frowning, Botulinum Toxin A - or Botox - prevents people from physically displaying expressions of negative emotion. Building on previous research that suggests facial expressions not only reflect but influence mood levels, the new study hypothesizes that Botox may lighten people's moods by literally wiping the frowns off their faces. (Read "The Year in Medicine 2008: From...
...University of Cardiff and lead author of the study. "Crucially, there was no significant difference in how much their treatment made them feel attractive from those who had other treatments, suggesting that [the mood boost] wasn't just down to a boost in self-confidence." (See pictures of facial yoga...
...Maryland, injected Botox into frown lines around the mouth or in the forehead furrows of 10 clinically depressed women. The treatment was found to eliminate depression symptoms in nine of them and to reduce symptoms in the 10th woman. At the time, Finzi explained the results using the facial-feedback hypothesis - a feedback loop in which people frown back at a depressed person, further deepening that person's sense of isolation. He suggested that if a depressed person can't frown because of Botox treatment, then others won't frown back at them, thereby breaking the loop...
...Lewis says he favors the theory that facial muscles influence brain activity directly and points to earlier research that suggests such a neurological link. For example, studies have shown that subjects find comedy routines significantly funnier when they hold a pen between their teeth the way a dog holds a bone, a pose that stimulates the muscles used for smiling. Similarly, subjects laugh less when holding a pen between their lips, a pose that mimics frowning...
...stern "talk therapy" of the Freudian era. Cognitive behavioral therapy, for instance, teaches patients to alter the physiological feedback cycles of certain conditions by slowing their breathing during panic attacks or cutting the hangdog look during periods of depression. Other popular forms of therapy may draw directly from a facial-feedback loop: laughter therapy, for one, seeks to harness the salubrious effects of engaging the smiling muscles as well as release endorphins...