Word: factionalization
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...tough old soldier who defected from the Kuomintang and fought alongside Mao Tse-tung during the famed Long March in the '30s, Peng was the leader of the conservative faction of the Chinese politburo. While on a trip to Albania in May 1959, he secretly told Nikita Khrushchev of his strong opposition to Mao's agricultural commune system. With Khrushchev's encouragement, Peng returned to China and denounced Mao's Great Leap Forward as "petty bourgeois fanaticism." At a meeting of the Chinese Communist Party's Central Committee in August 1959, Peng said that...
Theoretical God. The Chinese-Stalinist faction has its partisans in Moscow, particularly (so Western experts guess) among the middle echelons of the party secretariat. In Moscow, key Communist Party officials from the Soviet Union's 15 republics were summoned for a three-day conference on political and administrative problems. Also trying to straighten out the ideological mess was Leonid Ilyichev, Soviet propaganda boss, who demanded a "decisive cleanup of remnants of the personality cult" and reported that some officials will "stick to the viewpoint that Stalin was a theoretical...
...that Molotov was really retaining his post, Western experts had several possible explanations: - He has something on Khrushchev, possibly (as one Vienna newspaper reported) a stack of documents, safely deposited in the West, detailing Khrushchev's own complicity in Stalin's actions. >There is a strong Stalinist faction in the Kremlin that is protecting Molotov. >Khrushchev is merely being shrewd enough to show magnanimity toward an aging foe, while at the same time avoiding a potentially embarrassing debate over his own political past...
...Congo" develop. He does not see what, in fact, has been the heart of the U.N.'s problem since Hammarskjold's death. The U.N. must be willing to undertake a military operation where it is necessary and where it is likely to succeed, but be able to resist any faction (and anti-colonialism is only one of these) which tries to use such an action as a "precedent" to involve the U.N. where it is undeeded or outnumbered. The tragedy of Hammarskjold's death is that the U.N. lost a Secretary-General whose strength and intelligence gave him some chance...
Tshombe was speaking not only for himself. A powerful faction inside his Cabinet, led by tough Godefroid Munongo, Katanga's Minister of the Interior, refused any compromise whatever with the central Congolese regime. On the other side were Katanga's Baluba tribesmen-many of them displaced by the war and living precariously in U.N. refugee camps-whose leaders hate Tshombe and demand not secession but union with the Congo; the Baluba represent half of all Katanga's people...