Word: factionalization
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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During those years, however, Peres also made some powerful enemies, whose vindictive animosity has plagued his political career. His arms-buying forays in Europe often edged into diplomacy, irritating then Foreign Minister Golda Meir. As a Knesset member in 1965, Peres helped to found the Rafi faction of Ben-Gurion loyalists that defected from the Labor Party for three years...
...papacy moved temporarily to Avignon. Clement V, a French Pope who was elected by a French faction, thought his court would be safer there than in Rome. Toward the end of the 14th century, Gregory XI returned to Rome, but it took 445 years to retrieve all of the documents from Avignon. There are obvious gaps around 1527, when Rome was being plundered by the armies of Holy Roman Emperor Charles...
...Poland seemed so close to the brink. The union-government dialogue that had repeatedly staved off outright confrontation in recent months was sputtering. Party Boss Stanislaw Kania branded the union challenge "an invitation to suicide." Fears rose that the government might impose martial law, especially if the hard-line faction in the Central Committee took over...
...Moczar, a former Interior Minister, only recently returned to the Politburo in a party shake-up last December, he is a past master of the art of anti-Semitic plotting. In March 1968 he crushed an uprising of Polish students and used the opportunity to advance his own nationalist faction through a purge of Jewish Communists. Could the revival of anti-Semitic rhetoric signal a new bid for power by the wily general? "It's a good bet," noted a West German diplomat. "This could have been a Moczar trial balloon...
Libyan Strongman Muammar Gadaffi last November dispatched tanks and troops into neighboring Chad, defeated one faction in that country's sputtering civil war and announced a "merger" of the two nations. Since then tremors of anxiety have reverberated across West Africa. Last week a meeting of foreign ministers of the Organization of African Unity in Addis Ababa was marked by angry attacks against Libya's "aggression" in Chad. Many West and Central African leaders fear it is only the first step toward a consummation of Gadaffi's long-range ambition to establish an Islamic sub-Saharan republic...