Word: facto
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Surely most Boston voters have heard of Mrs. Hicks and know what she stands for. Since she refused, in the face of NAACP demands, to admit that de facto segregation exists in the Boston, schools, she has received extensive publicity. She has consistently emphasized her opposition to the NAACP and to every attempt it has made to integrate the sixteen predominantly Negro schools in Boston...
Whatever the reasons for her large plurality, Mrs. Hicks had her own interpretation. "The people of Boston," she said, "have given their answer to the de facto segregation question." There can be no doubt about what her statement means: de facto segregation and its attendant evils will continue to exists in Boston schools. Students in Negro schools will receive a poorer education than they ought to, because Boston voters gave Mrs. Hicks and her cohorts such large numbers of votes...
Committeeman Arthur Gartland fortunately won reelection, although by an undeservedly narrow margin. He will again be the only member of the Committee willing to concede the existence of de facto segregation. If Gartland continues working to make transfer policies more liberal and to improve the quality of education in the predominantly Negro schools in Boston, he ought to receive better treatment from the city's voters in 1965 than he did last week...
Almost half the public school children of Chicago - 225,000 of them -played hooky for a day last week, and 8,000 grownups circled city hall, waving signs and singing. It was the biggest demonstration ever held in the U.S. against de facto school segregation, which is measured in Chicago by new figures showing that enrollments in three-fourths of the schools in the city are 90% or more Negro or 90% or more white...
...this unyielding stand, Ben Willis confirmed himself as the symbol of the position that the job of the schools is education, not breaking down de facto segregation. In telegrams to the school board and by packing public meetings of the board, white homeowners backed Willis. Businessmen and educators chimed in to doubt the wisdom of dropping an expert administrator under pressure from one minority over one issue. The board majority, which had hoped to make Willis compromise on Negro demands but never intended to lose him, recognized that it was out on a limb and refused his resignation. After...